Assessing Validity of Conflict Resolution Rules of Islamic Countries in Personal Status: Comparative Study of Islamic Denominators

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Qom University

2 qom university

3 qom

10.22034/mfu.2024.141841.1454

Abstract

The conflict resolution rules of Islamic countries assign personal status disputes, wherein an alien element is involved, to the state of the relevant party, and according to them, foreign nationals residing in the territory of each of the Islamic countries are subject to the laws of their respective states in terms of issues related to personal status. Using descriptive-analytical method, this paper assesses the validity of the conflict resolution rules in personal status from the perspective of Islamic denominations' jurisprudence. In conclusion, from the point of view of Islamic jurisprudence based on the consensus of the jurists of Islamic denominations, citing several verses of the Qur'an about the necessity of judging according to what God has revealed, the only reliable source for judging and resolving conflicts between claims is just and right-oriented rulings of the Islamic Shari'a. Therefore, it is not permissible to refer the dispute of Muslim people who are subject to a non-Islamic country to a non-Islamic court, but Muslim disputes must be resolved according to Islamic rules, as referring to a non-Islamic ruling is equated with referring to Tᾱghout (falsehood). Consequently, it makes no sense to refer a Muslim's appeal to an Islamic court to a non-Muslim judge and, as a result, to non-Islamic rulings. This is a big flaw in the civil law of Islamic countries. According to Islam, the true boundary for ruling laws is the belief arising from Divine law. Therefore, people's religion should be taken into consideration in determining the competent court; For beyond concepts such as citizenship and residency, the religious belief of individuals determines the law governing their relations.

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