Public trust in the review process and the credibility of published articles depend in part on how conflicts of interest are handled during writing, the review process, and editorial board decision-making. A conflict of interest exists when an author (or author's institution), reviewer, or editor has financial or personal relations that would inappropriately influence their actions. These relations may more or less affect judgment. On the other hand, the potential for a conflict of interest can exist regardless of whether the individual believes that the relation affects their scientific judgment. Financial relations (such as employment, consulting, stock ownership, royalties, and legal expert testimony) are the most identifiable conflicts of interest and are likely to undermine the credibility of the journal, the authors, and the science itself. However, conflict can occur for other reasons such as personal relations, academic competition, and intellectual passion.
All participants in the review and publication process of the Biannual Journal of "Comparative Studies on the Schools of Jurisprudence and its Principles" must disclose all relations that could be considered as a possible conflict of interest. Editors may use the disclosed information in case of conflict of interest or financial interest as a basis for editorial decisions. The editors of the Journal should publish this information if they believe it is important in the review of the article.
When authors submit an article, whether an article or letter, they are responsible for disclosing all financial and personal relations that might bias their work. To avoid ambiguity, authors should clearly state whether there are potential conflicts. Authors should do it in the article on the Conflict of Interest declaration page that follows the title page of the article and, if necessary, provide additional details in a letter accompanying the article.
Authors should identify individuals who assist and support them and then disclose the source of funding for such assistance. Researchers must disclose potential conflicts of interest for contributors in studying and must mention it in the article whether they have done so.
Individual studies are increasingly funded by commercial companies, private foundations, and the government. The conditions of this budget have the potential to bias and otherwise discredit the research.
Researchers have an ethical obligation to submit valid research results for publication. In addition, researchers, as individuals directly responsible for their work, should not enter into contracts that impede their access to data and their ability to independently analyze it and prepare and publish articles. Authors should describe the role of the study sponsor, if any, in the study design. Collect, analyze and interpret data; report writing; and decided to submit the report for publication. If the supporting source has no such involvement, the authors should mention it. In such cases, the editors of the Biannual Journal of "Comparative Studies on the Schools of Jurisprudence and its Principles" choose to include information about the sponsor's contribution in the method section.
The management of the Biannual Journal of "Comparative Studies on the Schools of Jurisprudence and its Principles" avoids the selection of external reviewers with obvious potential conflicts of interest; for example, those who work in the same department or institute beside any of the authors. Authors often provide editors with the names of people they think should not be asked to review an article because of a potential conflict of interest, usually a professional one. If possible, authors may be asked to explain or justify their concerns. This information is important for editors in deciding whether to honor such requests.
The reviewers of the Biannual Journal of "Comparative Studies on the Schools of Jurisprudence and its Principles" must disclose to the editors of any conflict of interest that may conflict their opinions about the article, and if there is a possibility of bias, they must refrain from reviewing certain articles. As with authors, silence from reviewers about potential conflicts may mean that there are conflicts and the reviewer failed to disclose them, or that there is no conflict. Reviewers should therefore be required to state clearly whether there is a conflict or not. Reviewers should not use knowledge of the pre-published work to further their own interests.
The editors of the Biannual Journal of "Comparative Studies on the Schools of Jurisprudence and its Principles", who make the final decisions about the articles, should not have any personal, professional or financial involvement in any of the issues they may judge. Other members of the editorial board, if involved in editorial decisions, must provide the editors with a current description of their financial interests (as they may be relevant to editorial judgments) and recuse themselves from any decisions involving a conflict of interest. Editorial staff should not use information obtained through working with articles for personal interests. Journal editors should publish regular disclosure statements about potential conflicts of interest related to journal staff commitments.
Dear authors, when submitting the article, it is necessary to confirm the non-conflict of interest along with other commitments in a form titled "Authors' Commitment and Agreement Form" and submit it along with other necessary files. Obviously, signing and submitting this file means accepting the commitments mentioned in the text of the Commitment Form.