Reappraisal of Legal Compensation (Diyah) for Breaking Clavicle Bone Based on Criticizing and Amending Article 656 of Islamic Penal Code

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant professor, Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, University of Ayatollah Boroujerdi , Boroujerd, Iran.

10.22034/mfu.2023.139574.1326

Abstract

A broken clavicle, if treated with defect, is compensated for a certain amount of money based on Article 656 of the Islamic Penal Code. According to this article, if both collarbones are broken and treated with defect, its compensation is equal to compensation for a full human (full diyah). If only a clavicle bone is broken and it is treated with the defect, its compensation is equal to the half diyah of a full human. The origin of the aforementioned legislation is based on one of two opinions in jurisprudence. A group of Imami jurists do not agree with the certain compensation incumbent in the first presumption, but they believe that a broken clavicle, if treated with defect, must be remitted to the state (hukūma). A study of both groups' opinions shows that their proponents cited different arguments to prove their views. Using the descriptive-analytical method, this research studies and criticizes the opinions, in addition to mentioning their evidence. The research results in criticism of part of Article 656 of the Islamic Penal Code, as the acceptance of a certain compensation for a broken clavicle, if treated with defect, has many fundamental and jurisprudential problems, while in case of remitting to the state, the ruling would be far from any criticism, and so it is accepted by many Imami jurists.

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References

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Comparative Studies on the Schools of Jurisprudence and its Principles
Volume 7, Issue 2 - Serial Number 13
Publisher
September 2024
Pages 20-1

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